C11000 vs C10200 Tooj Liab: Qhov Txawv Tseem Ceeb, Cov Khoom & Daim Ntawv Qhia Ua tiav

Kev Taw Qhia

Xaiv cov hlau tooj liab zooyog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv hluav taws xob, thermal, thiab kev siv tshuab precision. Thaum C11000 (ETP tooj liab) thiab C10200 (copper tsis muaj oxygen) zoo li yuav luag zoo ib yam thiab ob qho tib si muaj kev coj ua zoo heev, lawv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pa oxygen, kev ua haujlwm vuam, kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev, thiab tus nqi tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau koj qhov project txoj kev vam meej.

Hauv phau ntawv qhia no, peb yuav piav qhia txhua yam uas koj xav paub txogC11000 piv rau C10200tooj liab — los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab mus rau cov ntawv thov tiag tiag thiab kev txiav txim siab CNC machining. Txawm hais tias koj tab tom tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov tshuab nqus tsev, lossis cov khoom siv siab, qhov kev sib piv no yuav pab koj xaiv cov khoom siv kom raug.

Cov Ntsiab Lus

• C11000 Tooj Liab (ETP Tooj Liab) yog dab tsi?
• C10200 Tooj Liab (Tooj Liab Tsis Muaj Pa) yog dab tsi?
• C11000 vs C10200: Kev Sib Piv Sab Nraud
• Daim Ntawv Thov: Thaum Twg Yuav Siv Txhua Lub Alloy
• Kev Xav Txog CNC Machining
• Yuav Xaiv Li Cas: C11000 lossis C10200?
• Cov Lus Nug Feem Ntau
• Xaus lus

C11000 yog dab tsi?Tooj liab(ETP Tooj Liab)?

C11000, kuj hu uaElectrolytic Tough Pitch (ETP) tooj liab, yog cov hlau tooj liab uas siv dav tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Nws yog xaiv los ua UNS C11000 thiab qee zaum hu ua CDA 110 lossis tooj liab ntshiab qib 110.

Cov Tshuaj Lom Zem ntawm C11000

• Tooj liab (Cu):Yam tsawg kawg nkaus 99.90% (suav nrog nyiaj)
• Cov pa oxygen (O):0.02% – 0.05% (feem ntau yog 200-500 ppm)
• Nyiaj (Ag):Xam tias yog ib feem ntawm cov ntsiab lus tooj liab hauv feem ntau cov lus qhia
• Lwm yam impurities:Cov nqi ntsuas, tswj hwm nruj

Cov Khoom Tseem Ceeb ntawm C11000 ETP Tooj Liab

• Kev ua hluav taws xob: ≥ 100% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard), feem ntau ncav cuag 101-101.5% IACS
• Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cua sov:Kwv yees li ntawm 398 W/(m·K) ntawm chav tsev kub
• Qhov Ceev:8.94 g/cm³ (0.323 lb/in³)
• Melting point:1,083°C (1,981°F)
• Lub zog tensile (annealed):210-220 MPa
• Kev ntev (annealed):Yam tsawg kawg nkaus 40%

C11000 yog tsim los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob los ua kom huv si thiab ua raws li kev tswj hwm oxidation kom ua tiav cov pa oxygen uas xav tau. Cov pa oxygen uas muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom me me cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) pab txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov hlau yam tsis txo qis kev coj ua hluav taws xob.

Cov Lus Qhia Tseem Ceeb: C11000 ETP tooj liab yog lub zog ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam - muab kev coj hluav taws xob zoo heev ntawm tus nqi sib tw. Nws yog qhov kev xaiv ua ntej rau feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab thermal.

C10200 Tooj Liab (Tooj Liab Tsis Muaj Pa) yog dab tsi?

C10200, kuj hu uaTooj liab uas tsis muaj pa oxygen (OF)los yog OFHC (Oxygen-Free High Conductivity) tooj liab, yog qib tooj liab ntshiab siab uas tsim tawm hauv qab kev tswj hwm nruj me ntsis tsis muaj oxygen. Nws lub npe UNS yog C10200, thiab nws tseem hu ua CDA 102.

Cov Tshuaj Lom Zem ntawm C10200

• Tooj liab(Cu):Yam tsawg kawg nkaus 99.95% (suav nrog nyiaj)
• Cov pa oxygen (O):0.001% siab tshaj plaws (≤ 10 ppm) — yuav luag tsis muaj pa oxygen
• Tsis muaj cov tshuaj deoxidizer:Tsim tawm yam tsis muaj phosphorus lossis lwm yam khoom deoxidizing
• Tag nrho cov khoom tsis huv:Qis heev, ua kom muaj kev ntshiab siab tshaj plaws

Cov Khoom Tseem Ceeb ntawm C10200 Oxygen-Free Copper

• Kev ua hluav taws xob:101-102% IACS — siab dua me ntsis ntawm C11000
• Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cua sov:Kwv yees li ntawm 401 W/(m·K) ntawm chav tsev kub
• Qhov Ceev:8.94 g/cm³ (0.323 lb/in³)
• Melting point:1,083°C (1,981°F)
• Lub zog tensile (annealed):220-260 MPa
• Kev ntev (annealed): ≥ 40%
• Kev tsis kam rau hydrogen embrittlement:Zoo heev - tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hydrogen embrittlement

C10200 yog tsim los ntawm kev yaj thiab pov cov cathodes tooj liab uas muaj cov khoom siv siab heev hauv huab cua uas tswj tau, tsis muaj pa oxygen (feem ntau siv cov graphite lossis charcoal npog). Txoj kev tsim khoom no tshem tawm cov pa oxygen tag nrho, ua rau tooj liab muaj cov khoom siv ntshiab thiab kev ntseeg tau zoo rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb.

Lub Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb: C10200 tooj liab tsis muaj pa oxygen muab kev ntseeg siab zoo dua nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kub heev - kub heev, qhov chaw nqus tsev, thiab huab cua nplua nuj hydrogen. Nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws thaum tsis muaj kev ua tsis tiav.

C11000 vs C10200: Kev Sib Piv Sab Nraud

Tam sim no cia peb piv ob lub hlau tooj liab no hla txhua qhov tseem ceeb. Kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv no yuav pab koj xaiv qhov yogcov khoom sivrau koj daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.

1. Kev Sib Piv Txog Cov Tshuaj Lom Zem

2. Kev Ua Hluav Taws Xob & Kev Ua Kub

Txawm hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm conductivity zoo li me me (kwv yees li 1%), nws tuaj yeem tseem ceeb hauv kev siv hluav taws xob siab lossis zaus siab uas txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo tseem ceeb.

3.TshuabCov Khoom

4. Cov Pa oxygen thiab Hydrogen Embrittlement - Qhov Txawv Tseem Ceeb

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm C11000 thiab C10200 yog nyob rau hauv lawvcov pa oxygenthiab lawv coj li cas hauv cov chaw muaj hydrogen ntau lossis kub heev.

Hydrogen Embrittlement hauv C11000

Thaum C11000 tooj liab raug cua sov siab tshaj 370 ° C (700 ° F) hauv huab cua uas muaj hydrogen (txo huab cua), cov hydrogen ua rau cov pa oxygen hauv tooj liab los ua cov pa dej (H₂O). Cov pa dej no tsim kev siab sab hauv ntawm cov ciam teb ntawm cov noob, ua rau:

• Qhov chaw tawg thiab tawg
• Kev poob ntawm ductility thiab toughness
• Txo lub zog kho tshuab
• Tej zaum qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm cov khoom

Qhov xwm txheej no hu uakev tawg ntawm hydrogenlos yog "kab mob hydrogen" hauv tooj liab. Nws yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb rau kev vuam, brazing, thiab kev siv kub siab.

Tsis muaj Hydrogen Embrittlement hauv C10200

Vim tias C10200 tsis muaj oxygen (≤ 10 ppm), tsis muaj dab tsi rau hydrogen los ua tshuaj. Qhov no ua rau C10200:

• Tiv thaiv kab mob rau hydrogen embrittlementntawm txhua qhov kub thiab txias
• Muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev vuam thiab brazingnyob rau hauv hydrogen los yog txo cov huab cua
• Zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov kub siab
• Haum rau cov chaw nqus tsevqhov twg yuav tsum txo qis qhov kev tso pa tawm

Qhov Txawv Tseem Ceeb: C11000 tuaj yeem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm hydrogen embrittlement thaum cua sov tshaj 370 ° C hauv hydrogen atmospheres. C10200 tsis muaj zog kiag li. Yog tias koj daim ntawv thov cuam tshuam nrog kev vuam kub siab, brazing, lossis qhov chaw nqus tsev, C10200 feem ntau yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.

5. Kev Ua Haujlwm Vuam thiab Kev Sib Tsoo

6. Kev Sib Txuas Lus Hauv Lub Tshuab Nqus Tsev

Rau cov ntawv thov nqus tsev, C10200 yog qhov zoo dua:

• C10200:Kev tso pa tawm tsawg heev - zoo tagnrho rau cov tshuab nqus tsev siab thiab cov tshuab nqus tsev siab heev (UHV). Tsis muaj oxygen txhais tau tias tsis muaj cov oxide volatile tsim nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev.
• C11000:Muaj peev xwm tso cov pa oxygen thiab lwm yam tsis huv tawm hauv qab lub tshuab nqus tsev, ua rau muaj kuab paug rau qhov chaw nqus tsev. Feem ntau tsis pom zoo rau kev siv lub tshuab nqus tsev siab.

7. Kev Sib Piv Tus Nqi

Feem ntau tus nqi yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab tau. Nov yog yam koj yuav tau txais:

• C11000:Cov tooj liab uas pheej yig tshaj plaws thiab muaj hluav taws xob zoo. Cov nqi tsim khoom qis dua vim yog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yooj yim dua.
• C10200:Feem ntau15-25% kim duadua li C11000. Tus nqi siab dua qhia txog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tsis muaj oxygen ntau dua thiab cov kev xav tau kev huv siab dua.

Rau cov ntawv thov ntau qhov chaw uas hydrogen embrittlement tsis yog qhov txhawj xeeb, C11000 muab tus nqi zoo tshaj plaws. Rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb uas kev ntseeg siab yog qhov tseem ceeb, qhov them nqi rau C10200 feem ntau yog qhov tsim nyog.

Daim Ntawv Thov: Thaum Twg Yuav Siv Txhua Lub Alloy

C11000 ETP Tooj Liab — Cov Ntawv Thov Feem Ntau

C11000 yog lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam tooj liab, siv rau ntau yam kev siv dav dav:

Cov Ntawv Thov Hluav Taws Xob

• Cov busbars hluav taws xob thiab cov conductors
• Switchgear thiab cov vaj huam sib luag faib khoom
• Cov windings thiab coils ntawm transformers
• Cov terminals, connectors, thiab lugs
• Cov hlau nplaum thiab cov cable conductors
• Cov ntawv ci ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm luam tawm (PCB)
• Cov khoom siv sib txuas thiab txhuam

Cov Ntawv Thov Thermal

• Cov cua sov thiab cov cua sov sib hloov
• Cov tshuab cua txias thiab cov tshuab cua txias
• Cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas lus thermal

Kev Lag Luam & Kev Tsim Kho Vaj Tse

• Ru tsev thiab daim ntawv architectural
• Lub raj xa dej thiab lub raj xa dej
• Cov gaskets thiab cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj
• Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg
• Cov ntawv luam tawm yob thiab anodes
• Cov cua sov tsheb

C10200 Tooj Liab Tsis Muaj Pa oxygen — Cov Ntawv Thov Feem Ntau

C10200 yog tseg rau cov ntawv thov uas qhov kev dawb huv, kev ntseeg siab, thiab kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav yog qhov tseem ceeb:

Lub Tshuab Nqus Tsev & Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob High-Tech

• Cov raj nqus tsev thiab cov raj hluav taws xob
• Magnetrons thiab klystrons
• Cov khoom siv ua kom nrawm ntawm cov khoom me me
• Cov tshuab nqus tsev thiab cov switchgear
• Cov khoom siv hauv chav tsev uas muaj lub tshuab nqus tsev siab thiab cov gaskets
• Cov khoom siv microwave thiab RF
• Cov xov hlau coaxial thiab cov waveguides

Semiconductor& Microelectronics

• Cov khoom ntim semiconductor thiab cov thav duab ua los ntawm cov hlau lead
• Cov electrodes precision rau EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining)
• Cov foob iav-rau-hlau
• Cov khoom siv transistor thiab cov xov hlau ua ke
• Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab purity

Cov Khoom Sib Dhos Kub Thiab Cov Khoom Sib Txuas

• Cov khoom uas xav tau hydrogen brazing lossis welding
• Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kub siab
• Cov ntawv thov cryogenic (kev ua haujlwm kub qis zoo tshaj plaws)
• Cov txheej txheem roj kho mob (kev pabcuam oxygen)

Suab & Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Zoo Tshaj Plaws

• Cov xov hlau suab nrov thiab cov khoom sib txuas
• Cov chaw nres nkoj hais lus thiab cov ncej khi
• Cov khoom siv txuas suab zoo tshaj plaws

Kev Xav Txog CNC Machining rau Cov Tooj Liab Alloys

Ob leeg C11000 thiab C10200 muaj kev siv tshuab zoo heev, tab sis muaj qee qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb rau CNC machining:

Kev Ntsuas Kev Siv Tau

Ob qho tib si alloys muaj qhov ntsuas machinability ntawm kwv yees li20-25% piv rau cov tooj dag uas siv tshuab dawb (C36000 = 100%)Txawm hais tias lawv tsis yog cov khoom siv yooj yim tshaj plaws los tshuab, lawv yeej tswj tau nrog cov txheej txheem zoo.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv tshuab tseem ceeb

• Kev ywj pheej siab:Ob qho tib si alloys yog ductile heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub annealed mob, uas tuaj yeem ua rau buildup ntug (BUE) ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav.
• Kev tsim cov nti:Tsim cov chips ntev, hlua uas xav tau kev tswj cov chips kom zoo.
• Kev nyiam ua kom tawv nqaij tawv:Tooj liab feem ntau yuav lwj thiab lwj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum txiav qeeb.
• Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cua sov:Kev tso cua sov zoo heev pab kom qhov kub txiav qis.

Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm Pom Zoo

Cov Lus Qhia rau Kev Siv Tshuab C11000 thiab C10200

1. Siv cov cuab yeej ntse:Cov cuab yeej tsis zoo ua rau tawv nqaij tawv thiab ua rau qhov chaw tsis zoo. Ua kom cov npoo txiav ntse thiab ci ntsa iab.
2. Kev txiav ceev ceev:Kev ceev ceev dua pab txo cov ntug uas sib sau ua ke thiab txhim kho qhov chaw tiav.
3. Kev tswj hwm nti:Siv cov cuab yeej rhuav cov chips lossis cov tshuaj txias siab los tswj cov chips tooj liab uas ntev thiab muaj hlua.
4. Kev Tuav:Siv cov khoom siv kom raug kom tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm - tooj liab yog mos thiab tuaj yeem khoov tau raws li lub zog clamping.
5. Qhov chaw tiav:Ob qho tib si alloys tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov chaw zoo heev (Ra 0.8-1.6 µm) nrog cov cuab yeej thiab cov kev cai zoo.
6. Kev ruaj khov ntawm qhov ntev:Tooj liab muaj cov coefficient siab ntawm thermal expansion - suav rau qhov no hauv cov ntawv thov nruj-tolerance.

Lus Cim Txog Kev Siv Tshuab: Muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis hauv kev siv tshuab ntawm C11000 thiab C10200. Ob leeg siv tshuab zoo sib xws, thiab kev xaiv ntawm lawv yuav tsum yog raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm daim ntawv thov es tsis yog kev txiav txim siab txog kev siv tshuab xwb.

Yuav Xaiv Li Cas: C11000 lossis C10200?

Siv cov txheej txheem txiav txim siab no los xaiv cov hlau tooj liab zoo rau koj qhov project:

Xaiv C11000 ETP Tooj Liab Thaum Twg:

• ✓ Koj xav tau kev ua hluav taws xob zoo heev ntawm tus nqi qis tshaj
• ✓ Koj daim ntawv thov ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv chav lossis qhov kub nruab nrab
• ✓ Tsis tas yuav tsum tau siv hydrogen atmospheric welding los yog brazing
• ✓ Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev tsis tseem ceeb
• ✓ Koj tab tom tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis cov khoom siv cua sov ntau heev
• ✓ Daim ntawv thov yog siv rau txhua yam (busbars, connectors, heat sinks)

Xaiv C10200 Tooj Liab Tsis Muaj Pa Thaum:

• ✓ Koj daim ntawv thov cuam tshuam nrog kev vuam lossis brazing hauv hydrogen / txo cov huab cua
• ✓ Koj xav tau kev sib haum xeeb ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev (lub tshuab nqus tsev siab lossis UHV)
• ✓ Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity yog qhov tseem ceeb heev
• ✓ Lub Cheebtsam yuav ua haujlwm thaum kub heev
• ✓ Koj xav tau kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws thiab tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hydrogen embrittlement
• ✓ Daim ntawv thov yog semiconductor, aerospace, lossis high-end electronics
• ✓ Yuav tsum muaj cov foob iav rau hlau
• ✓ Kev ua haujlwm cryogenic yog qhov tseem ceeb

Kev Txiav Txim Siab Sai

Cov Lus Nug Feem Ntau

Q: C11000 puas zoo ib yam li tooj liab ntshiab?

A: C11000 suav tias yog tooj liab ntshiab uas muaj cov ntsiab lus tooj liab tsawg kawg 99.90%. Nws muaj cov pa oxygen me me (0.02-0.05%) uas tau ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom. Txawm hais tias tsis yog 100% ntshiab hauv qhov kev nkag siab nruj tshaj plaws, nws tau raug hu ua "tooj liab ntshiab" rau kev lag luam.

Q: C11000 puas tuaj yeem vuam tau?

A: Yog, C11000 tuaj yeem vuam siv cov txheej txheem xws li TIG, MIG, thiab kev vuam tsis kam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum TSIS TXHOB vuam lossis brazed hauv hydrogen lossis txo cov huab cua saum toj no 370 ° C, vim qhov no ua rau hydrogen embrittlement. Rau hydrogen huab cua vuam, C10200 yog qhov kev xaiv zoo.

Q: "tsis muaj pa oxygen" txhais li cas hauv C10200?

A: "Tsis muaj oxygen" txhais tau hais tias tooj liab muaj ≤ 10 ppm (0.001%) ntawm oxygen, piv rau 200-500 ppm hauv C11000. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev yaj thiab pov cov tooj liab hauv ib puag ncig tsis muaj oxygen. Qhov tsis muaj oxygen ua rau C10200 nws cov khoom siv vuam zoo dua, nqus tsev, thiab kub siab.

Q: Qhov sib txawv ntawm C11000 thiab C10200 puas tseem ceeb?

A: Rau feem ntau ntawm cov ntawv thov dav dav, qhov sib txawv ntawm 1-2% conductivity yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov kab ke muaj zog siab, cov ntawv thov RF zaus siab, lossis cov khoom siv ntsuas qhov tseeb, txawm tias qhov sib txawv me me no tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv C10200 feem ntau tsis yog conductivity tab sis nws txoj kev tiv thaiv rau hydrogen embrittlement thiab vacuum compatibility.

Q: Kuv puas hloov tau C11000 nrog C10200 (lossis vice versa)?

A: Feem ntau koj tuaj yeem hloov C11000 nrog C10200 ua qhov kev hloov kho dua tshiab - C10200 yuav ua haujlwm zoo lossis zoo dua hauv txhua txoj kev, tab sis ntawm tus nqi siab dua. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum TSIS TXHOB hloov C10200 nrog C11000 hauv cov ntawv thov uas muaj hydrogen, nqus tsev, lossis vuam kub siab, vim qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev.

Q: Cov lus qhia ASTM rau cov hlau no yog dab tsi?

A: Ob qho tib si alloys yog them los ntawm ntau yam ASTM specifications:
C11000: ASTM B152 (ntawv/phaj), ASTM B1/B2 (pas/bar), ASTM B3 (hlau), ASTM B370 (daim ntawv tsev)
C10200: ASTM B152 (ntawv/phaj), ASTM B187 (pas/bar), ASTM B272 (striped), ASTM B110 (bus bar)

Q: Cov hlau tooj liab twg zoo dua rau CNC machining?

A: Ob qho tib si C11000 thiab C10200 muaj kev siv tshuab zoo sib xws. Tsis muaj ib qho yooj yim dua lossis nyuaj dua rau kev siv tshuab dua li lwm qhov. Qhov kev xaiv yuav tsum yog raws li koj cov kev xav tau ntawm daim ntawv thov (kev coj ua hluav taws xob, vuam, nqus tsev, thiab lwm yam) es tsis txhob xav txog kev siv tshuab. Yog tias kev siv tshuab yog koj qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb, xav txog cov tooj liab dawb xws li C14500 (tellurium tooj liab) hloov.

Xaus lus

Cov Lus Qhia Tseem Ceeb: C11000 vs C10200 Tooj Liab

C11000 ETP tooj liabyog tus qauv kev lag luam rau kev siv hluav taws xob thiab thermal dav dav. Nws muaj kev coj ua zoo heev ntawm tus nqi pheej yig thiab tsim nyog rau feem ntau ntawm cov ntawv thov tooj liab uas tsis tas yuav muaj hydrogen kub lossis kev ua haujlwm nqus tsev.

C10200 tooj liab tsis muaj pa oxygenyog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb. Nws cov pa oxygen tsis muaj ua rau nws tsis muaj hydrogen embrittlement, tsim nyog rau cov chaw nqus tsev, thiab zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov kub thiab vuam ntau. Txawm hais tias kim dua 15-25%, nws muab kev ntseeg siab tsis muaj qhov sib piv qhov twg kev ua tsis tiav yog qhov kev xaiv.

Cov lus qhia tseem ceeb:Xaiv C11000 rau kev siv uas pheej yig thiab dav dav. Xaiv C10200 thaum koj xav tau kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws hauv qhov chaw kub heev lossis thaum xav tau kev sib txuas hydrogen/vacuum.

Cov ntaub ntawv khoom siv raws li ASTM cov lus qhia thiab cov qauv kev lag luam. Yog xav tau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov project, sab laj nrog tus kws ua khoom siv lossis tiv tauj peb pab neeg ua haujlwm.

Tus sau:Coco Meng

Hnub Tim: Lub Xya Hli 27, 2026

E-mail: coco@k-tekmachining.com

Web: www.k-tekmachining.com